EDITORIAL

Concepts developed in these 2 volumes of JPIO emphasize that establishing a complete and accurate diagnosis is an essential prerequisite to effective therapy. These volumes propose the procedures for preserving, repairing or reconstructing soft and hard tissue. Comprehensive reviews of the regenerative potential of periodontal ligament, genetics, microbiology, and understanding of restorative, orthodontic and periodontal aspect of treatment provides a solid foundation for clinicians facing the contemporary challenges of optimum patient care.

Periodontal ligament regeneration on dental implant is a novel concept. The related projects are discussed and the application of multi-functional tissue engineered coating, periodontal ligament stem cells, and growth factors are reviewed. Is gene therapy a plausible option for the treatment of periodontitis or its sequelae? Delivering the therapeutic genes to up-regulate or repress the expression of relevant targets in specific cell types is reviewed. Where are we with the concept of vaccination to prevent periodontal disease? The advances in the development of vaccines for the prevention of periodontal disease are evaluated. In order to have diversity and balance in these 2 volumes, we have included practical articles and one on safety and risks of bovine-derived bone rafting materials and one on its effectiveness.

Regardless of technical progresses made, we have decided to dedicate the first article of these 2 volumes to trends influencing dental education in the United States as viewed by two colleagues who share longevity and experience as dental educators. Is there a crisis in our dental educational system? Numerous respected leaders believe that a crisis exists in the American system and are calling for immediate attention to a wide variety of influences. This paper will explore a range of influences and attempt to judge and summarize the potential impact of these trends on the future of dental education in the US.